Furnace for welding



(No Muegw ,N 1G; t l `:HummmL" PQR WBLD c.. l No.' 503,926. l IP Aug.2z,1893.

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.N @EN NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT J. BUCK AND CHESTER J. BUCK, OF BRIDGETON, NEW JERSEY.

FURNACE FOR WELDING, sw.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,926, dated August 22, 1893.

` Application filed October 22, 1891. Serial No. 4091499- (NO DlOdeL) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ROBERT J. BUCK and CHESTER J. BUCK, of Bridgeton, in the county of Cumberland and State of New Jersey, have invented an Improvement in Furnaces for Welding and other Purposes, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to furnaces for welding and other purposes, and Consists of certain improvements which are fully set forth in the following specification andare shown in the accompanying drawings which form a part thereof.

Our invention is particularly designed for furnaces in Whicha great heat is to be obtained having a practically uniform temperature throughout.

Our furnace is designed to employ oil as a fuel and includes certain improvements whereby a perfect and uniform combustion of the oil is obtained. Oil as a fuel possesses great advantages over coal and coke by reason of its greater cheapness, but obstacles have usually attended its use because of the difficulty of obtaining a complete combustion and a uniform heat throughout the combustion chamber. The extent of combustion and the resultant degree of heat depend upon the extent of vaporization of the oil. Vaporization is usually obtained by air or steam blasts introduced with the oil and at the point of the introduction of the air or steam there is an area of comparative coolness. Our invention is designed to avoid they presence of such an area of coolness Within the combustion chamber ofthe furnace by so introducing the oil and air that a thorough vaporization of the oil takes place and a complete and uniform combustion of the vaporized oil is produced throughout the lentire extent of the combustion chamber with a proportional increase in the degree of heat.

Our invention also relates to certain improvements in the furnace whereby it is particularly adapted to use for welding skelp for pipe, but it is also adapted to any furnace orcombustion chamber Where great heat is to be obtained and may be used for the generation of steam in a steam boiler.

We will now refer to the drawings; wherein our improvements are set out with greater particularity.

Figure l is a vertical sectional elevation of a heating furnace embodying our invention taken on the line 1-2 of Fig. 2. Fig.l2 is a horizontal sectional view ofthe same on the line 3 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3is atransverse vertical sectional view of the same on the line 5-6 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale of the oil feeding nozzle. Fig. 5 is a plan view ona reduced scale of the oil pump, air compressor and pressure equalizing reservoir; and Fig. 6 is a sectional side' elevation of a furnace embodying our invention as applied to a boiler for generating steam.

A is the combustion chamber of the furnace, the walls of lwhich may be constructed entirely of ire brick. 'v

When the furnace is employed for the purpose of welding skelps, &c., we prefer to construct the bottom cv of the combustion chamber inclined toward the rear and terminating in a pocket ordepression B to receive the cinders, &c.

C is thefront opening of the furnace to permit the pipe, &c., to be inserted in the combustion chamber and withdrawn from it.

D is the oil nozzlefor introducing a mixture. of oil and air into the furnace. This oil nozzle is located adjacent to the end of the furnace having access to the interior through a small aperture or opening el. With a furnace of considerable extent we find it preferable to employtwo nozzles D, D, one located at the front and the other at the rear of the furnacevas shown. Immediately within the furnace and at the end of the combustion chamber A thereof, is a chamber or compartment or vaporizing chamber E which opens into but does not form a portion of the combustion chamber proper. With two nozzles D there is a compartment or vaporizing chamber E at each end of the furnace. The oil and air emerging from the nozzle D under pressure enter this chamber E and pass thence into the combustion chamber A after having been thoroughly vaporized in the said chamber E. l

F is an opening in the chamber E preferably inthe top thereof from which a fan blast of air from the fan Gis blown through the passageway I-l.

I are air pipes leading from the fan.

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Located in the opening F is `a grating fupon which may be placed broken fire brick g,.t.o thoroughly separate the air and cause the currents to emerge in all directions from the opening so as to produce a more perfect vaporization of the oil.

Vhen two nozzles D are employed we prefer to arrange them pointing in slightly different lines as shown in Fig. l so that theoil vapor from one pipe will be blown through the combustion chamber past the vapor from the other, and the two currents will not be blown directly one against the other.

The particular construction of the nozzles D is not material to o ur invention. Any convenient construction may be employed. We prefer, however, to employ the construction shown having an oil pipe J terminating in a spiral outletj, with the surrounding air pipe K and atapered adjustable nozzleL which may be turned to adjust the size ofthe aperture `for the air and thus :regulate the amount thereof` introduced with the oil. The oil and `air are introduced under pressure, and to equalize the pressure ofthe oil and air from the nozzle D, we prefer to construct the respective oil and air pipes J and K with an equalizing reservoir M, into which the oil is forced by apump N through apipe n and the air by an air compressor O through a pipe o.

P is a heating oven extending through the body of the furnace adjacent to the combustion chamber A and having communication therewith through openings p.

Q, is an outlet passage leading to the smoke stack for the products of combustion located adjacent to the oven P and communicating therewith through opening q, which may be closed by suitable coverings or dampers `R to regulate the draft through the oven P.

-S is a carrier for carrying the pipe, uc., to and from the furnace.

`T is aguide forguiding the pipes in their passage to and from the combustion chamber and oven.

`Uis an outlet from the depression or pocket i In Fig. 6 we have shown our furnace ap` plied to a boiler for the generationof steam. In this construction a single or double nozzle is` employed with a single or double Vaporizing chamber E.

The operation of the apparatus is as followszf-Air and oil under pressure pass from the reservoir M through the pipes J andKto the nozzle D, and emerge therefrom under equal pressures. With the particular form of nozzle shown in the drawings the oil Iemerges in a spiral jet and is mixed with the air passing out with it from the pipe K. This produces a partial vaporization of the oil. The `mixed oil and air pass into the chamber E and there receive the fan blast from the opening F, which is blown down upon thejet of parn tially vaporized oil, at an angle to its line of movement, and thoroughly vaporizes it before it passes into the combustion chamber A. By this means the most complete vaporization of the oil and the resultant high degree of heat are obtained throughout the entire chamber A. Vhilethe oil and air from the nozzle D are introduced under preferably high pressure the air blast from the fan is blown upon the jet at a comparatively low pressure.' The skelps or unwclded pipe are placed in the oven P where they are heated to a cherry red heat. They are then successively withdrawn and inserted in the chamber A where they are subjected to a welding heat prior to being subjected to the welding operation.

Vhile We prefer the minor details `of construction which have been here shown `we do i not limit ourinvention to them as it is appar- `tion chamber under pressure, and independ-` ent air moving devices for blowinga second blast of air through the opening F transversely upon the blast of oil and air and independently ofthe device for introducing the oil under pressure.

2. A furnace having a combustion chamber A and a vaporization chamber `E directly in line with but forming no` part of the combus- `tion chamber proper and provided with an opening F transversely to the passage of the vapor and gases through the `vaporization chamber, and located immediately adjacent to the entrance of the combustion chamber 1 combined with an oil nozzle opening intosaid vaporization chamber E, directly in line with the combustion chamber a grating in said opening F, means to blow a jet of oil under pressure from the nozzle into the vaporization chamber, and `a yfan or blower `to blow air through the opening F transversely upon the jet of oil and independently of the means for introducing the oil whereby the oil is thoronghly vaporized in the vaporization chamber immediately beforeitenters thecombustion chamber;

3. The combination of an oil pump, air compressor, pressure equalizing reservoir, pipes leadingfrom the oil pumpand aircompresser `respectively to the reservoir, an oil nozzle D, an oil pipe and an air `pipe leading from the reservoir tothe-nozzle, a furnace into which said nozzle opens adapted to receive a jet of more or less vaporized oil and air from said nozzle, .and a fan or blower for blowinga second blast of air upon said jet of oil and IIO air transversely to its line of movement ata comparatively low pressure substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. A furnace for heating &o. having an opening or aperture in one end and a second opening or aperture in the body of the fur-v 'air from said nozzle into the furnacepast the second aperture, independently of the air blast through the second aperture and at a relatively high pressure. 1

5. In a furnace, the combination with a combustion chamber of a vaporizing chamber located in line therewith and immediately adjacent to the end thereof, a nozzle opening into saidvaporizatioii chamber and having its orifice in line with the vaporization and combustion chambers, oil and air pipes leading to said nozzle to introduce a mixture of oil and air thereto, pressure creating and equalizing devices to force a jet of oil and air from said nozzle into the Vaporization chamber and in line with the combustion chamber, and means independent of the pressure oreating devices for the nozzle for introducing a blast of air upon the partly vaporized jet of oil transversely to its line of movement and at a relatively lower pressure.

In testimony of which invention We hereunto set our hands.

ROBT. J. BUCK. CHESTER J. BUCK. Witnesses:

JOEL FITHIAN, THOMAS R. JANVIER. 

